Overview of Black Ti4O7 Titanium Heptoxide Powders
Metal powder is a common form of metal that has been processed into fine particles, ranging from a few micrometers to over 100 microns in diameter. It plays a crucial role in various industrial applications due to its unique properties and versatility.
Features of Black Ti4O7 Titanium Heptoxide Powders
Physical Characteristics
Particle Size: Ranging from nanometers to hundreds of micrometers, the size distribution significantly influences the powder’s flowability, packing density, and sintering behavior.
Shape: Particles can be spherical, irregular, flake-like, or dendritic, each shape affecting the final product’s mechanical properties and surface finish.
Purity: Depending on the production method, metal powders can achieve high levels of purity, critical for applications like electronics and aerospace where impurities can degrade performance.
Density: While less dense than their solid counterparts due to the presence of air between particles, metal powders can be densely packed during processing to approach the density of the solid metal.
Chemical Properties
Reactivity: Some metal powders, particularly aluminum and titanium, are highly reactive with air and moisture, necessitating careful handling and storage under inert atmospheres or vacuum.
Oxidation: Exposure to air can lead to surface oxidation, forming a passive layer that affects sintering and other processes. This can be managed through surface treatment or use of protective atmospheres.
(Black Ti4O7 Titanium Heptoxide Powders)
Parameters of Black Ti4O7 Titanium Heptoxide Powders
Titanium dioxide, specifically black Ti4O7 or titanium heptoxide, is a versatile inorganic compound with a wide range of applications due to its unique properties. This pigment is derived from titanium metal through a series of chemical processes, resulting in a fine powder that exhibits a deep, rich black color. Let’s delve into the key parameters and characteristics of this material.
1. **Composition**: Black Ti4O7 is an oxide of titanium, where titanium (Ti) is bonded to seven oxygen atoms (O), forming a heptoxide structure. Its chemical formula can be written as TiO2·nH2O or Ti4O7·xH2O, where n and x represent the degree of hydration.
2. **Crystal Structure**: It exists primarily in the rutile form, which is a tetragonal crystal system, giving it a high degree of crystallinity and stability. The rutile structure consists of chains of edge-sharing titanium-oxygen octahedra, which contribute to its unique optical properties.
3. **Particle Size and Purity**: Depending on the manufacturer, black Ti4O7 powders can have particle sizes ranging from sub-micron to several micrometers. High purity levels are crucial for many applications, with typical impurities being below 1% for industrial-grade powders.
4. **Color and Appearance**: The black color of Ti4O7 comes from the presence of iron impurities or defects in the crystal lattice, which absorb light in the visible spectrum, leaving only the characteristic black shade. The intensity of the black color can vary depending on the level of impurities and processing methods.
5. **Lightfastness and Stability**: Black Ti4O7 is relatively resistant to fading under UV exposure, making it suitable for long-term outdoor applications. However, like any pigment, it may show some degradation over time, particularly when exposed to severe environmental conditions.
6. **Thermal Properties**: It has a high melting point, around 1680°C (3056°F), ensuring its stability in various thermal environments. It is also thermally conductive, which can be advantageous in certain engineering applications.
7. **Application Areas**: Black Ti4O7 finds extensive use in various industries, including paint and coatings, plastics, ceramics, ink, and even aerospace. In paints, it serves as a black pigment, providing a durable and fade-resistant finish. In electronics, it is used as a conductive additive in composite materials. In cosmetics, it is utilized for its opacity and skin-friendly properties.
8. **Processing Techniques**: Powders are typically produced through wet or dry processes, such as hydrolysis, sol-gel, or precipitation methods. Post-processing treatments like calcination and sintering are often employed to enhance properties like particle size distribution and improve dispersion.
9. **Health and Safety**: While titanium dioxide is generally considered safe for human consumption, the black variety may contain trace amounts of iron, which could pose potential health concerns if ingested in large quantities. Proper handling and storage precautions are essential.
In conclusion, black Ti4O7 titanium heptoxide powders offer a combination of aesthetic appeal, stability, and functionality across a wide range of applications. Understanding these parameters is crucial for selecting the appropriate material for specific uses and optimizing performance.
(Black Ti4O7 Titanium Heptoxide Powders)
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